All summer and into the fall, the Rev. Michelle Higgins has set aside any thought of leisurely weekends with her family. Instead, she and her two children have been out knocking on doors.
“My children’s weekend outings are canvassing and getting to know neighbors around our church building for a specific purpose — and that is our survival,” said Higgins, pastor of St. John’s Church in North St. Louis and one of the founders of Action St. Louis, a grassroots racial justice organization.
“I have to believe that my people are gonna show up,” she said. “And a part of my ability to believe it is that I’ve seen it.”
Along with thousands of others around the state, she is part of a network of paid canvassers and volunteers trying to energize Black voters and get them to the polls.
“It’s absolutely game-changing for voters in the Black community,” said Michael Butler, St. Louis recorder of deeds and former chairman of the St. Louis Democratic Central Committee.
“They are doing the work from a lens that is based in racial equity and putting Black voters first. That is the best vehicle for Black voter turnout. They have done more for Black voters than the Missouri Democratic Party has done in 50 years.”
There are now 150 local organizations moving under the umbrella of the St. Louis-based Movement for Black Lives’ Electoral Justice Voter Fund project — which launched in October 2017. The voter project is educating voters on the absentee-ballot process and explaining that voting is a tool for change, Higgins said.
“We are organizers who are making lead organizers out of every block captain, every grandma, every cousin,” Higgins said.
About half of Missouri’s Black voters live in the 1st Congressional District, which encompasses all of St. Louis and much of North St. Louis County. It’s the district where Ferguson frontliner and nurse Cori Bush is likely to become Missouri’s first African-American woman elected to Congress after an August 4 Democratic primary upset of long-time incumbent U.S. Rep. Wm. Lacy Clay.
The next largest bloc is the 23% of Black voters who live in the 5th Congressional District, which includes Kansas City. Out of Missouri’s 4.2 million voters, about 515,000 are Black, according to a U.S. Census Bureau survey. More than 80% of Black voters will support Democratic candidates, according to the Pew Research Center.
In 2008, Barack Obama was the last Democratic presidential nominee to come close to winning in Missouri. Black turnout statewide was 73.5%, according to the Census. In 2016, it was 65.5 percent.
“If you really want a record turnout of Black voters — which is what you need to win in Missouri — then you are going to have to electrify the African-American community,” said Charlene Jones, a political science professor at Harris-Stowe State University. “And you do that by letting them know that you are staunchly supportive of the issues they think are important.”
State Sen. Karla May, D-St. Louis, has knocked on thousands of doors in majority-Black areas in St. Louis alongside other St. Louis elected officials, clergy, the St. Louis City NAACP and other organizations to register voters and increase the 2020 Census response.
Statewide Democratic candidates, she said, are not visible.
“It feels like the same thing that has always happened in the past,” May said. “I think that the Democratic Party and Democratic candidates take their base for granted.”
When asked if the Missouri Republican Party was specifically targeting Black voters to get them out to the polls, Executive Director Jean Evans said that the party doesn’t focus on one ethnic group. Gov. Mike Parson’s campaign did not respond to The Missouri Independent’s request for comment.
Higgins and others said they are using the same targeted, strategic door-knocking in low-voter turnout neighborhoods and phone banking that helped Bush, St. Louis Treasurer Tishaura O. Jones and St. Louis Circuit Attorney Kimberly Gardner win their August primary races. Since mid-September, they’ve knocked on 25,000 doors to register voters. And since August, St. Louis city’s voter registration has gone up from 193,000 to 220,000.
Voter turnout in the city’s August 4 primary was almost 40%, compared to 26.7% in 2016’s primary. The city’s voter turnout was 69.4% in the 2016 general election.
There are three things candidates need to do to energize Black voters, said Jones, whose strategy for a strong ground game has been used successfully in St. Louis elections for decades.
First, candidates need to publicly ask for the Black community’s vote. Second, they need to be visible on the ground. And third, if challenged for supporting issues important to the Black community, such as addressing systemic racism in the police department, they need to remain firm.
If Democrats want record turnout from their historically most loyal voters, they need to do better on all three points, Jones said. While gubernatorial candidate Nicole Galloway has been praised for sitting down with Black leaders to form a comprehensive Black agenda, that message isn’t resonating in the community, she said.
The two top-ticket races on the Democratic ballot — the Biden/Harris campaign and Galloway for governor — have not been door knocking because of the pandemic, according to their campaigns.
This is a huge missed opportunity, said Rosetta Okohson, founder and CEO of MO Political Consulting. Her team of 40 canvassers is knocking on doors for state Rep. Paula Brown, state Rep. Trish Gunby and Tishaura Jones, and they’ve stood on the sidewalk to talk with voters. They’ve had an unprecedented 42% contact rate because people are largely at home.
“We’ve been thanked countless times,” Okohson said. “They are foaming at the mouth to have a conversation that’s not with their family member.”
Clem Smith, acting chair of the Missouri Democratic Party, said he hopes candidates have learned from previous campaigns.
“I say this all the time: ‘You can’t come last minute with chicken plates and inspirational speakers, and then somehow think you’re going to win over the hearts and minds of Black voters,’” Smith said. “You’ve got to have points of contact consistently.”
Galloway has a Black agenda that includes criminal justice reform, economic empowerment, a ban on discrimination and health care as a human right. She has held virtual town halls with various groups, including high school coaches in North St. Louis, Black businesses and grassroots organizations. She’s helping to organize the Souls to the Polls effort.
Galloway’s ground game looks different because of the pandemic, said Cal Harris, senior advisor for Galloway’s campaign who is from North St. Louis. In fact, it has pushed them to be more innovative in their use of texting, virtual events and social media outreach.
While Bush also refrained from knocking doors for a time, her campaign made a strong push before the August 4 primary. She’s since done a statewide tour to stump for Galloway.
Several organizers say her presence on the ballot — in the congressional district with the state’s largest population of Black voters — could be a boon for other Democrats.
“There’s a recognition across the state that Cori Bush has a role to play in generating voter enthusiasm,” said her spokesperson, Keenan Korth, “not just in the first district but across the state.”
Rebecca Rivas is a reporter for The Missouri Independent: missouriindependent.com.